Add new MessengerService API demo.
Also refactor the LocalService demo to be more ammenable to being used for sample code in the java docs.
This commit is contained in:
Dianne Hackborn
@@ -16,22 +16,14 @@
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package com.example.android.apis.app;
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import android.app.Activity;
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import android.app.Notification;
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import android.app.NotificationManager;
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import android.app.PendingIntent;
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import android.app.Service;
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import android.content.ComponentName;
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import android.content.Context;
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import android.content.Intent;
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import android.content.ServiceConnection;
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import android.os.Binder;
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import android.os.Bundle;
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import android.os.IBinder;
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import android.util.Log;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
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import android.widget.Button;
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import android.widget.Toast;
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// Need the following import to get access to the app resources, since this
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@@ -40,8 +32,8 @@ import com.example.android.apis.R;
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/**
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* This is an example of implementing an application service that runs locally
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* in the same process as the application. The {@link Controller}
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* and {@link Binding} classes show how to interact with the
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* in the same process as the application. The {@link LocalServiceActivities.Controller}
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* and {@link LocalServiceActivities.Binding} classes show how to interact with the
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* service.
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*
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* <p>Notice the use of the {@link NotificationManager} when interesting things
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@@ -49,6 +41,7 @@ import com.example.android.apis.R;
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* interact with the user, rather than doing something more disruptive such as
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* calling startActivity().
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*/
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//BEGIN_INCLUDE(service)
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public class LocalService extends Service {
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private NotificationManager mNM;
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@@ -110,7 +103,7 @@ public class LocalService extends Service {
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// The PendingIntent to launch our activity if the user selects this notification
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PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
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new Intent(this, Controller.class), 0);
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new Intent(this, LocalServiceActivities.Controller.class), 0);
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// Set the info for the views that show in the notification panel.
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notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getText(R.string.local_service_label),
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@@ -120,127 +113,5 @@ public class LocalService extends Service {
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// We use a layout id because it is a unique number. We use it later to cancel.
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mNM.notify(R.string.local_service_started, notification);
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}
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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/**
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* <p>Example of explicitly starting and stopping the local service.
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* This demonstrates the implementation of a service that runs in the same
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* process as the rest of the application, which is explicitly started and stopped
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* as desired.</p>
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*
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* <p>Note that this is implemented as an inner class only keep the sample
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* all together; typically this code would appear in some separate class.
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*/
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public static class Controller extends Activity {
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.local_service_controller);
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// Watch for button clicks.
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Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
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button.setOnClickListener(mStartListener);
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button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.stop);
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button.setOnClickListener(mStopListener);
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}
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private OnClickListener mStartListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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// Make sure the service is started. It will continue running
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// until someone calls stopService(). The Intent we use to find
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// the service explicitly specifies our service component, because
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// we want it running in our own process and don't want other
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// applications to replace it.
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startService(new Intent(Controller.this,
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LocalService.class));
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}
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};
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private OnClickListener mStopListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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// Cancel a previous call to startService(). Note that the
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// service will not actually stop at this point if there are
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// still bound clients.
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stopService(new Intent(Controller.this,
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LocalService.class));
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}
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};
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}
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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/**
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* Example of binding and unbinding to the local service.
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* This demonstrates the implementation of a service which the client will
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* bind to, receiving an object through which it can communicate with the service.</p>
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*
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* <p>Note that this is implemented as an inner class only keep the sample
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* all together; typically this code would appear in some separate class.
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*/
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public static class Binding extends Activity {
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private boolean mIsBound;
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private LocalService mBoundService;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.local_service_binding);
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// Watch for button clicks.
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Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bind);
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button.setOnClickListener(mBindListener);
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button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.unbind);
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button.setOnClickListener(mUnbindListener);
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}
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private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
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public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
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// This is called when the connection with the service has been
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// established, giving us the service object we can use to
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// interact with the service. Because we have bound to a explicit
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// service that we know is running in our own process, we can
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// cast its IBinder to a concrete class and directly access it.
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mBoundService = ((LocalService.LocalBinder)service).getService();
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// Tell the user about this for our demo.
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Toast.makeText(Binding.this, R.string.local_service_connected,
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Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
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}
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public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
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// This is called when the connection with the service has been
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// unexpectedly disconnected -- that is, its process crashed.
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// Because it is running in our same process, we should never
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// see this happen.
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mBoundService = null;
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Toast.makeText(Binding.this, R.string.local_service_disconnected,
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Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
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}
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};
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private OnClickListener mBindListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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// Establish a connection with the service. We use an explicit
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// class name because we want a specific service implementation that
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// we know will be running in our own process (and thus won't be
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// supporting component replacement by other applications).
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bindService(new Intent(Binding.this,
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LocalService.class), mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
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mIsBound = true;
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}
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};
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private OnClickListener mUnbindListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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if (mIsBound) {
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// Detach our existing connection.
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unbindService(mConnection);
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mIsBound = false;
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}
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}
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};
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}
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}
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//END_INCLUDE(service)
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@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
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/*
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* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
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*
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* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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* You may obtain a copy of the License at
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*
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* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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*
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* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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* limitations under the License.
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*/
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package com.example.android.apis.app;
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import com.example.android.apis.R;
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import android.app.Activity;
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import android.content.ComponentName;
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import android.content.Context;
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import android.content.Intent;
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import android.content.ServiceConnection;
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import android.os.Bundle;
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import android.os.IBinder;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
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import android.widget.Button;
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import android.widget.Toast;
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public class LocalServiceActivities {
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/**
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* <p>Example of explicitly starting and stopping the local service.
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* This demonstrates the implementation of a service that runs in the same
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* process as the rest of the application, which is explicitly started and stopped
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* as desired.</p>
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*
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* <p>Note that this is implemented as an inner class only keep the sample
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* all together; typically this code would appear in some separate class.
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*/
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public static class Controller extends Activity {
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.local_service_controller);
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// Watch for button clicks.
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Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
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button.setOnClickListener(mStartListener);
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button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.stop);
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button.setOnClickListener(mStopListener);
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}
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private OnClickListener mStartListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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// Make sure the service is started. It will continue running
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// until someone calls stopService(). The Intent we use to find
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// the service explicitly specifies our service component, because
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// we want it running in our own process and don't want other
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// applications to replace it.
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startService(new Intent(Controller.this,
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LocalService.class));
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}
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};
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private OnClickListener mStopListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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// Cancel a previous call to startService(). Note that the
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// service will not actually stop at this point if there are
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// still bound clients.
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stopService(new Intent(Controller.this,
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LocalService.class));
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}
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};
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}
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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/**
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* Example of binding and unbinding to the local service.
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* This demonstrates the implementation of a service which the client will
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* bind to, receiving an object through which it can communicate with the service.</p>
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*
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* <p>Note that this is implemented as an inner class only keep the sample
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* all together; typically this code would appear in some separate class.
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*/
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public static class Binding extends Activity {
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private boolean mIsBound;
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// BEGIN_INCLUDE(bind)
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private LocalService mBoundService;
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private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
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public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
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// This is called when the connection with the service has been
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// established, giving us the service object we can use to
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// interact with the service. Because we have bound to a explicit
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// service that we know is running in our own process, we can
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// cast its IBinder to a concrete class and directly access it.
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mBoundService = ((LocalService.LocalBinder)service).getService();
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// Tell the user about this for our demo.
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Toast.makeText(Binding.this, R.string.local_service_connected,
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Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
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}
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public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
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// This is called when the connection with the service has been
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// unexpectedly disconnected -- that is, its process crashed.
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// Because it is running in our same process, we should never
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// see this happen.
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mBoundService = null;
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Toast.makeText(Binding.this, R.string.local_service_disconnected,
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Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
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}
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};
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void doBindService() {
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// Establish a connection with the service. We use an explicit
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// class name because we want a specific service implementation that
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// we know will be running in our own process (and thus won't be
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// supporting component replacement by other applications).
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bindService(new Intent(Binding.this,
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LocalService.class), mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
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mIsBound = true;
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}
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void doUnbindService() {
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if (mIsBound) {
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// Detach our existing connection.
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unbindService(mConnection);
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mIsBound = false;
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}
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}
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@Override
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protected void onDestroy() {
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super.onDestroy();
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doUnbindService();
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}
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// END_INCLUDE(bind)
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private OnClickListener mBindListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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doBindService();
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}
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};
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private OnClickListener mUnbindListener = new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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doUnbindService();
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}
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};
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.local_service_binding);
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// Watch for button clicks.
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Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bind);
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button.setOnClickListener(mBindListener);
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button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.unbind);
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button.setOnClickListener(mUnbindListener);
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}
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}
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
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/*
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* Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
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*
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* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
|
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* You may obtain a copy of the License at
|
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*
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* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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*
|
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* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
|
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* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
|
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* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
|
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* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
|
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* limitations under the License.
|
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*/
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package com.example.android.apis.app;
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import android.app.Notification;
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import android.app.NotificationManager;
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import android.app.PendingIntent;
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import android.app.Service;
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import android.content.Intent;
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import android.os.Binder;
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import android.os.Handler;
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import android.os.IBinder;
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import android.os.Message;
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import android.os.Messenger;
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import android.os.RemoteException;
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import android.util.Log;
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import android.widget.Toast;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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// Need the following import to get access to the app resources, since this
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// class is in a sub-package.
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import com.example.android.apis.R;
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import com.example.android.apis.app.RemoteService.Controller;
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/**
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* This is an example of implementing an application service that uses the
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* {@link Messenger} class for communicating with clients. This allows for
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* remote interaction with a service, without needing to define an AIDL
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* interface.
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*
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* <p>Notice the use of the {@link NotificationManager} when interesting things
|
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* happen in the service. This is generally how background services should
|
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* interact with the user, rather than doing something more disruptive such as
|
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* calling startActivity().
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*/
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//BEGIN_INCLUDE(service)
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public class MessengerService extends Service {
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/** For showing and hiding our notification. */
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NotificationManager mNM;
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/** Keeps track of all current registered clients. */
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ArrayList<Messenger> mClients = new ArrayList<Messenger>();
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/** Holds last value set by a client. */
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int mValue = 0;
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/**
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* Command to the service to register a client, receiving callbacks
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* from the service. The Message's replyTo field must be a Messenger of
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* the client where callbacks should be sent.
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*/
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static final int MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT = 1;
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/**
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* Command to the service to unregister a client, ot stop receiving callbacks
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* from the service. The Message's replyTo field must be a Messenger of
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* the client as previously given with MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT.
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*/
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static final int MSG_UNREGISTER_CLIENT = 2;
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/**
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* Command to service to set a new value. This can be sent to the
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* service to supply a new value, and will be sent by the service to
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* any registered clients with the new value.
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*/
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static final int MSG_SET_VALUE = 3;
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/**
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* Handler of incoming messages from clients.
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*/
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class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
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@Override
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public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
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switch (msg.what) {
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case MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT:
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mClients.add(msg.replyTo);
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break;
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case MSG_UNREGISTER_CLIENT:
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mClients.remove(msg.replyTo);
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break;
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case MSG_SET_VALUE:
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mValue = msg.arg1;
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for (int i=mClients.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {
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try {
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mClients.get(i).send(Message.obtain(null,
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MSG_SET_VALUE, mValue, 0));
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} catch (RemoteException e) {
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// The client is dead. Remove it from the list;
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// we are going through the list from back to front
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// so this is safe to do inside the loop.
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mClients.remove(i);
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}
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}
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break;
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default:
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super.handleMessage(msg);
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}
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}
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}
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/**
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* Target we publish for clients to send messages to IncomingHandler.
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*/
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final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler());
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@Override
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public void onCreate() {
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mNM = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
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// Display a notification about us starting.
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showNotification();
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}
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@Override
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public void onDestroy() {
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// Cancel the persistent notification.
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mNM.cancel(R.string.remote_service_started);
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// Tell the user we stopped.
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Toast.makeText(this, R.string.remote_service_stopped, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
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}
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|
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/**
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* When binding to the service, we return an interface to our messenger
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* for sending messages to the service.
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*/
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@Override
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public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
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return mMessenger.getBinder();
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}
|
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/**
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* Show a notification while this service is running.
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||||
*/
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private void showNotification() {
|
||||
// In this sample, we'll use the same text for the ticker and the expanded notification
|
||||
CharSequence text = getText(R.string.remote_service_started);
|
||||
|
||||
// Set the icon, scrolling text and timestamp
|
||||
Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, text,
|
||||
System.currentTimeMillis());
|
||||
|
||||
// The PendingIntent to launch our activity if the user selects this notification
|
||||
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
|
||||
new Intent(this, Controller.class), 0);
|
||||
|
||||
// Set the info for the views that show in the notification panel.
|
||||
notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getText(R.string.remote_service_label),
|
||||
text, contentIntent);
|
||||
|
||||
// Send the notification.
|
||||
// We use a string id because it is a unique number. We use it later to cancel.
|
||||
mNM.notify(R.string.remote_service_started, notification);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
//END_INCLUDE(service)
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
|
||||
package com.example.android.apis.app;
|
||||
|
||||
import com.example.android.apis.R;
|
||||
import com.example.android.apis.app.LocalServiceActivities.Binding;
|
||||
|
||||
import android.app.Activity;
|
||||
import android.content.ComponentName;
|
||||
import android.content.Context;
|
||||
import android.content.Intent;
|
||||
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
|
||||
import android.os.Bundle;
|
||||
import android.os.Handler;
|
||||
import android.os.IBinder;
|
||||
import android.os.Message;
|
||||
import android.os.Messenger;
|
||||
import android.os.RemoteException;
|
||||
import android.view.View;
|
||||
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
|
||||
import android.widget.Button;
|
||||
import android.widget.TextView;
|
||||
import android.widget.Toast;
|
||||
|
||||
public class MessengerServiceActivities {
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Example of binding and unbinding to the remote service.
|
||||
* This demonstrates the implementation of a service which the client will
|
||||
* bind to, interacting with it through an aidl interface.</p>
|
||||
*
|
||||
* <p>Note that this is implemented as an inner class only keep the sample
|
||||
* all together; typically this code would appear in some separate class.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public static class Binding extends Activity {
|
||||
// BEGIN_INCLUDE(bind)
|
||||
/** Messenger for communicating with service. */
|
||||
Messenger mService = null;
|
||||
/** Flag indicating whether we have called bind on the service. */
|
||||
boolean mIsBound;
|
||||
/** Some text view we are using to show state information. */
|
||||
TextView mCallbackText;
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Handler of incoming messages from service.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
|
||||
switch (msg.what) {
|
||||
case MessengerService.MSG_SET_VALUE:
|
||||
mCallbackText.setText("Received from service: " + msg.arg1);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
default:
|
||||
super.handleMessage(msg);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Target we publish for clients to send messages to IncomingHandler.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler());
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Class for interacting with the main interface of the service.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
|
||||
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className,
|
||||
IBinder service) {
|
||||
// This is called when the connection with the service has been
|
||||
// established, giving us the service object we can use to
|
||||
// interact with the service. We are communicating with our
|
||||
// service through an IDL interface, so get a client-side
|
||||
// representation of that from the raw service object.
|
||||
mService = new Messenger(service);
|
||||
mCallbackText.setText("Attached.");
|
||||
|
||||
// We want to monitor the service for as long as we are
|
||||
// connected to it.
|
||||
try {
|
||||
Message msg = Message.obtain(null,
|
||||
MessengerService.MSG_REGISTER_CLIENT);
|
||||
msg.replyTo = mMessenger;
|
||||
mService.send(msg);
|
||||
|
||||
// Give it some value as an example.
|
||||
msg = Message.obtain(null,
|
||||
MessengerService.MSG_SET_VALUE, this.hashCode(), 0);
|
||||
mService.send(msg);
|
||||
} catch (RemoteException e) {
|
||||
// In this case the service has crashed before we could even
|
||||
// do anything with it; we can count on soon being
|
||||
// disconnected (and then reconnected if it can be restarted)
|
||||
// so there is no need to do anything here.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// As part of the sample, tell the user what happened.
|
||||
Toast.makeText(Binding.this, R.string.remote_service_connected,
|
||||
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
|
||||
// This is called when the connection with the service has been
|
||||
// unexpectedly disconnected -- that is, its process crashed.
|
||||
mService = null;
|
||||
mCallbackText.setText("Disconnected.");
|
||||
|
||||
// As part of the sample, tell the user what happened.
|
||||
Toast.makeText(Binding.this, R.string.remote_service_disconnected,
|
||||
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
void doBindService() {
|
||||
// Establish a connection with the service. We use an explicit
|
||||
// class name because there is no reason to be able to let other
|
||||
// applications replace our component.
|
||||
bindService(new Intent(Binding.this,
|
||||
MessengerService.class), mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
|
||||
mIsBound = true;
|
||||
mCallbackText.setText("Binding.");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void doUnbindService() {
|
||||
if (mIsBound) {
|
||||
// If we have received the service, and hence registered with
|
||||
// it, then now is the time to unregister.
|
||||
if (mService != null) {
|
||||
try {
|
||||
Message msg = Message.obtain(null,
|
||||
MessengerService.MSG_UNREGISTER_CLIENT);
|
||||
msg.replyTo = mMessenger;
|
||||
mService.send(msg);
|
||||
} catch (RemoteException e) {
|
||||
// There is nothing special we need to do if the service
|
||||
// has crashed.
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Detach our existing connection.
|
||||
unbindService(mConnection);
|
||||
mIsBound = false;
|
||||
mCallbackText.setText("Unbinding.");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
// END_INCLUDE(bind)
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Standard initialization of this activity. Set up the UI, then wait
|
||||
* for the user to poke it before doing anything.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@Override
|
||||
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
|
||||
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
|
||||
|
||||
setContentView(R.layout.messenger_service_binding);
|
||||
|
||||
// Watch for button clicks.
|
||||
Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bind);
|
||||
button.setOnClickListener(mBindListener);
|
||||
button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.unbind);
|
||||
button.setOnClickListener(mUnbindListener);
|
||||
|
||||
mCallbackText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.callback);
|
||||
mCallbackText.setText("Not attached.");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private OnClickListener mBindListener = new OnClickListener() {
|
||||
public void onClick(View v) {
|
||||
doBindService();
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
private OnClickListener mUnbindListener = new OnClickListener() {
|
||||
public void onClick(View v) {
|
||||
doUnbindService();
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user