android_development/samples/browseable/BluetoothAdvertisements/src/com.example.android.bluetoothadvertisements/AdvertiserService.java

package com.example.android.bluetoothadvertisements;

import android.app.Service;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback;
import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * Manages BLE Advertising independent of the main app.
 * If the app goes off screen (or gets killed completely) advertising can continue because this
 * Service is maintaining the necessary Callback in memory.
 */
public class AdvertiserService extends Service {

    private static final String TAG = AdvertiserService.class.getSimpleName();

    /**
     * A global variable to let AdvertiserFragment check if the Service is running without needing
     * to start or bind to it.
     * This is the best practice method as defined here:
     * https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/android-developers/jEvXMWgbgzE
     */
    public static boolean running = false;

    public static final String ADVERTISING_FAILED =
            "com.example.android.bluetoothadvertisements.advertising_failed";

    public static final String ADVERTISING_FAILED_EXTRA_CODE = "failureCode";

    public static final int ADVERTISING_TIMED_OUT = 6;

    private BluetoothLeAdvertiser mBluetoothLeAdvertiser;

    private AdvertiseCallback mAdvertiseCallback;

    private Handler mHandler;

    private Runnable timeoutRunnable;

    /**
     * Length of time to allow advertising before automatically shutting off. (10 minutes)
     */
    private long TIMEOUT = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        running = true;
        initialize();
        startAdvertising();
        setTimeout();
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        /**
         * Note that onDestroy is not guaranteed to be called quickly or at all. Services exist at
         * the whim of the system, and onDestroy can be delayed or skipped entirely if memory need
         * is critical.
         */
        running = false;
        stopAdvertising();
        mHandler.removeCallbacks(timeoutRunnable);
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    /**
     * Required for extending service, but this will be a Started Service only, so no need for
     * binding.
     */
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Get references to system Bluetooth objects if we don't have them already.
     */
    private void initialize() {
        if (mBluetoothLeAdvertiser == null) {
            BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
            if (mBluetoothManager != null) {
                BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter();
                if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
                    mBluetoothLeAdvertiser = mBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, getString(R.string.bt_null), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(this, getString(R.string.bt_null), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Starts a delayed Runnable that will cause the BLE Advertising to timeout and stop after a
     * set amount of time.
     */
    private void setTimeout(){
        mHandler = new Handler();
        timeoutRunnable = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Log.d(TAG, "AdvertiserService has reached timeout of "+TIMEOUT+" milliseconds, stopping advertising.");
                sendFailureIntent(ADVERTISING_TIMED_OUT);
                stopSelf();
            }
        };
        mHandler.postDelayed(timeoutRunnable, TIMEOUT);
    }

    /**
     * Starts BLE Advertising.
     */
    private void startAdvertising() {
        Log.d(TAG, "Service: Starting Advertising");

        if (mAdvertiseCallback == null) {
            AdvertiseSettings settings = buildAdvertiseSettings();
            AdvertiseData data = buildAdvertiseData();
            mAdvertiseCallback = new SampleAdvertiseCallback();

            if (mBluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
                mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(settings, data,
                        mAdvertiseCallback);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Stops BLE Advertising.
     */
    private void stopAdvertising() {
        Log.d(TAG, "Service: Stopping Advertising");
        if (mBluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
            mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdvertiseCallback);
            mAdvertiseCallback = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns an AdvertiseData object which includes the Service UUID and Device Name.
     */
    private AdvertiseData buildAdvertiseData() {

        /**
         * Note: There is a strict limit of 31 Bytes on packets sent over BLE Advertisements.
         *  This includes everything put into AdvertiseData including UUIDs, device info, &
         *  arbitrary service or manufacturer data.
         *  Attempting to send packets over this limit will result in a failure with error code
         *  AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_DATA_TOO_LARGE. Catch this error in the
         *  onStartFailure() method of an AdvertiseCallback implementation.
         */

        AdvertiseData.Builder dataBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
        dataBuilder.addServiceUuid(Constants.Service_UUID);
        dataBuilder.setIncludeDeviceName(true);

        /* For example - this will cause advertising to fail (exceeds size limit) */
        //String failureData = "asdghkajsghalkxcjhfa;sghtalksjcfhalskfjhasldkjfhdskf";
        //dataBuilder.addServiceData(Constants.Service_UUID, failureData.getBytes());

        return dataBuilder.build();
    }

    /**
     * Returns an AdvertiseSettings object set to use low power (to help preserve battery life)
     * and disable the built-in timeout since this code uses its own timeout runnable.
     */
    private AdvertiseSettings buildAdvertiseSettings() {
        AdvertiseSettings.Builder settingsBuilder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
        settingsBuilder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_POWER);
        settingsBuilder.setTimeout(0);
        return settingsBuilder.build();
    }

    /**
     * Custom callback after Advertising succeeds or fails to start. Broadcasts the error code
     * in an Intent to be picked up by AdvertiserFragment and stops this Service.
     */
    private class SampleAdvertiseCallback extends AdvertiseCallback {

        @Override
        public void onStartFailure(int errorCode) {
            super.onStartFailure(errorCode);

            Log.d(TAG, "Advertising failed");
            sendFailureIntent(errorCode);
            stopSelf();

        }

        @Override
        public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect) {
            super.onStartSuccess(settingsInEffect);
            Log.d(TAG, "Advertising successfully started");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Builds and sends a broadcast intent indicating Advertising has failed. Includes the error
     * code as an extra. This is intended to be picked up by the {@code AdvertiserFragment}.
     */
    private void sendFailureIntent(int errorCode){
        Intent failureIntent = new Intent();
        failureIntent.setAction(ADVERTISING_FAILED);
        failureIntent.putExtra(ADVERTISING_FAILED_EXTRA_CODE, errorCode);
        sendBroadcast(failureIntent);
    }

}