mirror of
https://e.coding.net/weidongshan/linux/doc_and_source_for_drivers.git
synced 2025-12-02 12:51:16 +08:00
完结 07_GPIO
This commit is contained in:
227
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/09_GPIO子系统与Pinctrl子系统的交互.md
Normal file
227
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/09_GPIO子系统与Pinctrl子系统的交互.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
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## GPIO子系统与Pinctrl子系统的交互
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参考资料:
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* Linux 5.x内核文档
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* Linux-5.4\Documentation\driver-api
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* Linux-5.4\Documentation\devicetree\bindings\gpio\gpio.txt
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* Linux-5.4\drivers\gpio\gpio-74x164.c
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* Linux 4.x内核文档
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* Linux-4.9.88\Documentation\gpio
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* Linux-4.9.88\Documentation\devicetree\bindings\gpio\gpio.txt
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* Linux-4.9.88\drivers\gpio\gpio-74x164.c
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### 1. 使用GPIO前应该设置Pinctrl
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假设使用这个虚拟的GPIO Controller的pinA来控制LED:
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要使用pinA来控制LED,首先要通过Pinctrl子系统把它设置为GPIO功能,然后才能设置它为输出引脚、设置它的输出值。
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所以在设备树文件里,应该添加Pinctrl的内容:
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```shell
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virtual_pincontroller {
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compatible = "100ask,virtual_pinctrl";
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myled_pin: myled_pin {
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functions = "gpio";
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groups = "pin0";
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configs = <0x11223344>;
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};
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};
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gpio_virt: virtual_gpiocontroller {
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compatible = "100ask,virtual_gpio";
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gpio-controller;
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#gpio-cells = <2>;
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ngpios = <4>;
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};
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myled {
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compatible = "100ask,leddrv";
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led-gpios = <&gpio_virt 0 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
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pinctrl-names = "default";
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pinctrl-0 = <&myled_pin>;
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};
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```
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但是很多芯片,并不要求在设备树中把把引脚复用为GPIO功能。
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比如STM32MP157,在它的设备树工具`STM32CubeMX`即使把引脚配置为GPIO功能,它也不会在设备树中出现。
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原因在于:GPIO走了后门。
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现实的芯片中,并没有Pinctrl这样的硬件,它的功能大部分是在GPIO模块中实现的。
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Pinctrl是一个软件虚拟处理的概念,它的实现本来就跟GPIO密切相关。
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甚至一些引脚默认就是GPIO功能。
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按理说:
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一个引脚可能被用作GPIO,也可能被用作I2C,GPIO和I2C这些功能时相同低位的。
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要用作GPIO,需要先通过Pinctrl把引脚复用为GPIO功能。
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但是Pinctrl和GPIO关系密切,当你使用gpiod_get获得GPIO引脚时,它就`偷偷地`通过Pinctrl把引脚复用为GPIO功能了。
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### 2. GPIO和Pinctrl的映射关系
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#### 2.1 示例
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从上图可知:
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* 左边的Pinctrl支持8个引脚,在Pinctrl的内部编号为0~7
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* 图中有2个GPIO控制器
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* GPIO0内部引脚编号为0~3,假设在GPIO子系统中全局编号为100~103
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* GPIO1内部引脚编号为0~3,假设在GPIO子系统中全局编号为104~107
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* 假设我们要使用pin1_1,应该这样做:
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* 根据GPIO1的内部编号1,可以换算为Pinctrl子系统中的编号5
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* 使用Pinctrl的函数,把第5个引脚配置为GPIO功能
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#### 2.2 数据结构
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### 3. GPIO调用Pinctrl的过程
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GPIO子系统中的request函数,用来申请某个GPIO引脚,
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它会导致Pinctrl子系统中的这2个函数之一被调用:`pmxops->gpio_request_enable`或`pmxops->request`
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调用关系如下:
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```c
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gpiod_get
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gpiod_get_index
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desc = of_find_gpio(dev, con_id, idx, &lookupflags);
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ret = gpiod_request(desc, con_id ? con_id : devname);
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ret = gpiod_request_commit(desc, label);
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if (chip->request) {
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ret = chip->request(chip, offset);
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}
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```
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我们编写GPIO驱动程序时,所设置`chip->request`函数,一般直接调用`gpiochip_generic_request`,它导致Pinctrl把引脚复用为GPIO功能。
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```c
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gpiochip_generic_request(struct gpio_chip *chip, unsigned offset)
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pinctrl_request_gpio(chip->gpiodev->base + offset)
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ret = pinctrl_get_device_gpio_range(gpio, &pctldev, &range); // gpio是引脚的全局编号
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/* Convert to the pin controllers number space */
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pin = gpio_to_pin(range, gpio);
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ret = pinmux_request_gpio(pctldev, range, pin, gpio);
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ret = pin_request(pctldev, pin, owner, range);
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```
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Pinctrl子系统中的pin_request函数就会把引脚配置为GPIO功能:
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```c
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static int pin_request(struct pinctrl_dev *pctldev,
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int pin, const char *owner,
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struct pinctrl_gpio_range *gpio_range)
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{
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const struct pinmux_ops *ops = pctldev->desc->pmxops;
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/*
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* If there is no kind of request function for the pin we just assume
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* we got it by default and proceed.
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*/
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if (gpio_range && ops->gpio_request_enable)
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/* This requests and enables a single GPIO pin */
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status = ops->gpio_request_enable(pctldev, gpio_range, pin);
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else if (ops->request)
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status = ops->request(pctldev, pin);
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else
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status = 0;
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}
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```
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### 3. 我们要做什么
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如果不想在使用GPIO引脚时,在设备树中设置Pinctrl信息,
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如果想让GPIO和Pinctrl之间建立联系,
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我们需要做这些事情:
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#### 3.1 表明GPIO和Pinctrl间的联系
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在GPIO设备树中使用`gpio-ranges`来描述它们之间的联系:
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* GPIO系统中有引脚号
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* Pinctrl子系统中也有自己的引脚号
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* 2个号码要建立映射关系
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* 在GPIO设备树中使用如下代码建立映射关系
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```shell
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// 当前GPIO控制器的0号引脚, 对应pinctrlA中的128号引脚, 数量为12
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gpio-ranges = <&pinctrlA 0 128 12>;
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```
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#### 3.2 解析这些联系
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在GPIO驱动程序中,解析跟Pinctrl之间的联系:处理`gpio-ranges`:
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* 这不需要我们自己写代码
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* 注册gpio_chip时会自动调用
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```c
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int gpiochip_add_data(struct gpio_chip *chip, void *data)
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status = of_gpiochip_add(chip);
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status = of_gpiochip_add_pin_range(chip);
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of_gpiochip_add_pin_range
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for (;; index++) {
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ret = of_parse_phandle_with_fixed_args(np, "gpio-ranges", 3,
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index, &pinspec);
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pctldev = of_pinctrl_get(pinspec.np); // 根据gpio-ranges的第1个参数找到pctldev
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// 增加映射关系
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/* npins != 0: linear range */
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ret = gpiochip_add_pin_range(chip,
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pinctrl_dev_get_devname(pctldev),
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pinspec.args[0],
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pinspec.args[1],
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pinspec.args[2]);
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```
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#### 3.3 编程
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* 在GPIO驱动程序中,提供`gpio_chip->request`
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* 在Pinctrl驱动程序中,提供`pmxops->gpio_request_enable`或`pmxops->request`
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BIN
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/09_GPIO子系统与Pinctrl子系统的交互.tif
Normal file
BIN
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/09_GPIO子系统与Pinctrl子系统的交互.tif
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
396
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/10_编程_GPIO使用Pinctrl.md
Normal file
396
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/10_编程_GPIO使用Pinctrl.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
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## 编程_GPIO使用Pinctrl
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参考资料:
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* Linux 5.x内核文档
|
||||
* Linux-5.4\Documentation\driver-api
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||||
* Linux-5.4\Documentation\devicetree\bindings\gpio\gpio.txt
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* Linux-5.4\drivers\gpio\gpio-74x164.c
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|
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* Linux 4.x内核文档
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* Linux-4.9.88\Documentation\gpio
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* Linux-4.9.88\Documentation\devicetree\bindings\gpio\gpio.txt
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* Linux-4.9.88\drivers\gpio\gpio-74x164.c
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* 本节视频代码在GIT仓库中
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```shell
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doc_and_source_for_drivers\IMX6ULL\source\07_GPIO\04_gpio_use_pinctrl_ok
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doc_and_source_for_drivers\STM32MP157\source\A7\07_GPIO\04_gpio_use_pinctrl_ok
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```
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### 1. 我们要做什么
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||||
|
||||
假设使用这个虚拟的GPIO Controller的pinA来控制LED:
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
如果不想在使用GPIO引脚时,在设备树中设置Pinctrl信息,
|
||||
|
||||
如果想让GPIO和Pinctrl之间建立联系,
|
||||
|
||||
我们需要做这些事情:
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1.1 表明GPIO和Pinctrl间的联系
|
||||
|
||||
在GPIO设备树中使用`gpio-ranges`来描述它们之间的联系:
|
||||
|
||||
* GPIO系统中有引脚号
|
||||
|
||||
* Pinctrl子系统中也有自己的引脚号
|
||||
|
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* 2个号码要建立映射关系
|
||||
|
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* 在GPIO设备树中使用如下代码建立映射关系
|
||||
|
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```shell
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// 当前GPIO控制器的0号引脚, 对应pinctrlA中的128号引脚, 数量为12
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gpio-ranges = <&pinctrlA 0 128 12>;
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```
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|
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#### 1.2 解析这些联系
|
||||
|
||||
在GPIO驱动程序中,解析跟Pinctrl之间的联系:处理`gpio-ranges`:
|
||||
|
||||
* 这不需要我们自己写代码
|
||||
|
||||
* 注册gpio_chip时会自动调用
|
||||
|
||||
```c
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int gpiochip_add_data(struct gpio_chip *chip, void *data)
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status = of_gpiochip_add(chip);
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status = of_gpiochip_add_pin_range(chip);
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|
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of_gpiochip_add_pin_range
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for (;; index++) {
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ret = of_parse_phandle_with_fixed_args(np, "gpio-ranges", 3,
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index, &pinspec);
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pctldev = of_pinctrl_get(pinspec.np); // 根据gpio-ranges的第1个参数找到pctldev
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||||
|
||||
// 增加映射关系
|
||||
/* npins != 0: linear range */
|
||||
ret = gpiochip_add_pin_range(chip,
|
||||
pinctrl_dev_get_devname(pctldev),
|
||||
pinspec.args[0],
|
||||
pinspec.args[1],
|
||||
pinspec.args[2]);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1.3 编程
|
||||
|
||||
* 在GPIO驱动程序中,提供`gpio_chip->request`
|
||||
|
||||
* 在Pinctrl驱动程序中,提供`pmxops->gpio_request_enable`或`pmxops->request`
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 编写设备树
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
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||||
pinctrl_virt: virtual_pincontroller {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,virtual_pinctrl";
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
gpio_virt: virtual_gpiocontroller {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,virtual_gpio";
|
||||
gpio-controller;
|
||||
#gpio-cells = <2>;
|
||||
ngpios = <4>;
|
||||
gpio-ranges = <&pinctrl_virt 0 0 4>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
myled {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,leddrv";
|
||||
led-gpios = <&gpio_virt 0 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. 编程
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3.1 GPIO控制器编程
|
||||
|
||||
gpio_chip中提供request函数:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
chip->request = gpiochip_generic_request;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3.2 Pinctrl编程
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
static const struct pinmux_ops virtual_pmx_ops = {
|
||||
.get_functions_count = virtual_pmx_get_funcs_count,
|
||||
.get_function_name = virtual_pmx_get_func_name,
|
||||
.get_function_groups = virtual_pmx_get_groups,
|
||||
.set_mux = virtual_pmx_set,
|
||||
.gpio_request_enable = virtual_pmx_gpio_request_enable,
|
||||
};
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 上机实验
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4.1 设置工具链
|
||||
|
||||
##### 1. STM32MP157
|
||||
|
||||
**注意**:对于STM32MP157,以前说编译内核/驱动、编译APP的工具链不一样,其实编译APP用的工具链也能用来编译内核。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
export ARCH=arm
|
||||
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-
|
||||
export PATH=$PATH:/home/book/100ask_stm32mp157_pro-sdk/ToolChain/arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf_sdk-buildroot/bin
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### 2. IMX6ULL
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
export ARCH=arm
|
||||
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
|
||||
export PATH=$PATH:/home/book/100ask_imx6ull-sdk/ToolChain/gcc-linaro-6.2.1-2016.11-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4.2 编译、替换设备树
|
||||
|
||||
##### 1. STM32MP157
|
||||
|
||||
* 修改`arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c-100ask-512d-lcd-v1.dts`,添加如下代码:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
/ {
|
||||
pinctrl_virt: virtual_pincontroller {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,virtual_pinctrl";
|
||||
myled_pin: myled_pin {
|
||||
functions = "gpio";
|
||||
groups = "pin0";
|
||||
configs = <0x11223344>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
i2cgrp: i2cgrp {
|
||||
functions = "i2c", "i2c";
|
||||
groups = "pin0", "pin1";
|
||||
configs = <0x11223344 0x55667788>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
gpio_virt: virtual_gpiocontroller {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,virtual_gpio";
|
||||
gpio-controller;
|
||||
#gpio-cells = <2>;
|
||||
ngpios = <4>;
|
||||
gpio-ranges = <&pinctrl_virt 0 0 4>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
myled {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,leddrv";
|
||||
led-gpios = <&gpio_virt 2 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* 编译设备树:
|
||||
在Ubuntu的STM32MP157内核目录下执行如下命令,
|
||||
得到设备树文件:`arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c-100ask-512d-lcd-v1.dtb`
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
make dtbs
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 复制到NFS目录:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ cp arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c-100ask-512d-lcd-v1.dtb ~/nfs_rootfs/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 开发板上挂载NFS文件系统
|
||||
|
||||
* vmware使用NAT(假设windowsIP为192.168.1.100)
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=3,port=2049,mountport=9999
|
||||
192.168.1.100:/home/book/nfs_rootfs /mnt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* vmware使用桥接,或者不使用vmware而是直接使用服务器:假设Ubuntu IP为192.168.1.137
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=3 192.168.1.137:/home/book/nfs_rootfs /mnt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 确定设备树分区挂载在哪里
|
||||
|
||||
由于版本变化,STM32MP157单板上烧录的系统可能有细微差别。
|
||||
在开发板上执行`cat /proc/mounts`后,可以得到两种结果(见下图):
|
||||
|
||||
* mmcblk2p2分区挂载在/boot目录下(下图左边):无需特殊操作,下面把文件复制到/boot目录即可
|
||||
|
||||
* mmcblk2p2挂载在/mnt目录下(下图右边)
|
||||
|
||||
* 在视频里、后面文档里,都是更新/boot目录下的文件,所以要先执行以下命令重新挂载:
|
||||
* `mount /dev/mmcblk2p2 /boot`
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
* 更新设备树
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# cp /mnt/stm32mp157c-100ask-512d-lcd-v1.dtb /boot
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# sync
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 重启开发板
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
##### 2. IMX6ULL
|
||||
|
||||
* 修改`arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dts`,添加如下代码:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
/ {
|
||||
pinctrl_virt: virtual_pincontroller {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,virtual_pinctrl";
|
||||
myled_pin: myled_pin {
|
||||
functions = "gpio";
|
||||
groups = "pin0";
|
||||
configs = <0x11223344>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
i2cgrp: i2cgrp {
|
||||
functions = "i2c", "i2c";
|
||||
groups = "pin0", "pin1";
|
||||
configs = <0x11223344 0x55667788>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
gpio_virt: virtual_gpiocontroller {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,virtual_gpio";
|
||||
gpio-controller;
|
||||
#gpio-cells = <2>;
|
||||
ngpios = <4>;
|
||||
gpio-ranges = <&pinctrl_virt 0 0 4>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
myled {
|
||||
compatible = "100ask,leddrv";
|
||||
led-gpios = <&gpio_virt 2 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* 编译设备树:
|
||||
在Ubuntu的IMX6ULL内核目录下执行如下命令,
|
||||
得到设备树文件:`arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dtb`
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
make dtbs
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 复制到NFS目录:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ cp arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dtb ~/nfs_rootfs/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 开发板上挂载NFS文件系统
|
||||
|
||||
* vmware使用NAT(假设windowsIP为192.168.1.100)
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=3,port=2049,mountport=9999
|
||||
192.168.1.100:/home/book/nfs_rootfs /mnt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* vmware使用桥接,或者不使用vmware而是直接使用服务器:假设Ubuntu IP为192.168.1.137
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=3 192.168.1.137:/home/book/nfs_rootfs /mnt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 更新设备树
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# cp /mnt/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dtb /boot
|
||||
[root@100ask:~]# sync
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 重启开发板
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4.3 编译、安装驱动程序
|
||||
|
||||
* 编译:
|
||||
|
||||
* 在Ubuntu上
|
||||
* 进入`04_gpio_use_pinctrl_ok`下的3个驱动目录,都执行make命令
|
||||
|
||||
* 安装:
|
||||
|
||||
* 在开发板上
|
||||
|
||||
* 挂载NFS,复制文件,insmod,类似如下命令:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=3 192.168.1.137:/home/book/nfs_rootfs /mnt
|
||||
// 对于IMX6ULL,想看到驱动打印信息,需要先执行
|
||||
echo "7 4 1 7" > /proc/sys/kernel/printk
|
||||
|
||||
insmod -f /mnt/virtual_pinctrl_driver.ko
|
||||
insmod -f /mnt/virtual_gpio_driver.ko
|
||||
insmod -f /mnt/leddrv.ko
|
||||
|
||||
ls /dev/100ask_led0
|
||||
/mnt/ledtest /dev/100ask_led0 on
|
||||
/mnt/ledtest /dev/100ask_led0 off
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
* 观察内核打印的信息
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. 再次开后门
|
||||
|
||||
在STM32MP157的内核中,
|
||||
|
||||
Pinctrl驱动中并没有提供`pmxops->gpio_request_enable`或`pmxops->request`,
|
||||
|
||||
为什么也可一直接使用GPIO功能?
|
||||
|
||||
它的gpio_chip结构体中,有`direction_input`、`direction_output`,这2个函数的调用关系如下:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
direction_output/direction_input
|
||||
pinctrl_gpio_direction
|
||||
ret = pinmux_gpio_direction(pctldev, range, pin, input);
|
||||
ret = ops->gpio_set_direction(pctldev, range, pin, input);
|
||||
stm32_pmx_gpio_set_direction
|
||||
stm32_pmx_set_mode // 它会设置引脚为GPIO功能
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. IMX6ULL的特殊情况
|
||||
|
||||
IMX6ULL使用GPIO时必须设置Pinctrl,如果不设置,只有那些默认就是GPIO功能的引脚可以正常使用。
|
||||
|
||||
原因:
|
||||
|
||||
* GPIO控制器的设备树中,没有`gpio-ranges`
|
||||
* Pinctrl驱动中并没有提供`pmxops->gpio_request_enable`或`pmxops->request`
|
||||
* gpio_chip结构体中`direction_input`、`direction_output`,并没有配置引脚为GPIO功能
|
||||
110
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/11_GPIO子系统的sysfs接口.md
Normal file
110
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/11_GPIO子系统的sysfs接口.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
|
||||
## GPIO子系统的sysfs接口
|
||||
|
||||
参考资料:
|
||||
|
||||
* Linux 5.x内核文档
|
||||
* Linux-5.4\Documentation\driver-api
|
||||
* Linux-5.4\Documentation\devicetree\bindings\gpio\gpio.txt
|
||||
* Linux-5.4\drivers\gpio\gpiolib-sysfs.c
|
||||
|
||||
* Linux 4.x内核文档
|
||||
* Linux-4.9.88\Documentation\gpio
|
||||
* Linux-4.9.88\Documentation\devicetree\bindings\gpio\gpio.txt
|
||||
* Linux-4.9.88\drivers\gpio\gpiolib-sysfs.c
|
||||
|
||||
* 本节视频代码在GIT仓库中
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
doc_and_source_for_drivers\IMX6ULL\source\07_GPIO\04_gpio_use_pinctrl_ok
|
||||
doc_and_source_for_drivers\STM32MP157\source\A7\07_GPIO\04_gpio_use_pinctrl_ok
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. 驱动程序
|
||||
|
||||
驱动程序为`drivers\gpio\gpiolib-sysfs.c`,这里不打算分析它。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 常用的SYSFS文件
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.1 有哪些GPIO控制器
|
||||
|
||||
`/sys/bus/gpio/devices`目录下,列出了所有的GPIO控制器,如下表示有11个GPIO控制器:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip0
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip1
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip2
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip3
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip4
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip5
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip6
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip7
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip8
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip9
|
||||
/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochip10
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.2 每个GPIO控制器的详细信息
|
||||
|
||||
`/sys/class/gpio/gpiochipXXX`下,有这些信息:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
/sys/class/gpio/gpiochip508]# ls -1
|
||||
base // 这个GPIO控制器的GPIO编号
|
||||
device
|
||||
label // 名字
|
||||
ngpio // 引脚个数
|
||||
power
|
||||
subsystem
|
||||
uevent
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.3 查看GPIO使用情况
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
cat /sys/kernel/debug/gpio
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.4 通过SYSFS使用GPIO
|
||||
|
||||
如果只是简单的引脚控制(比如输出、查询输入值),可以不编写驱动程序。
|
||||
|
||||
但是涉及中断的话,就需要编写驱动程序了。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 1. 确定GPIO编号
|
||||
|
||||
查看每个`/sys/bus/gpio/devices/gpiochipXXX`目录下的label,确定是你要用的GPIO控制器,也称为GPIO Bank。
|
||||
|
||||
根据它名字gpiochipXXX,就可以知道基值是XXX。
|
||||
|
||||
基值加上引脚offset,就是这个引脚的编号。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
##### 2. 导出/设置方向/读写值
|
||||
|
||||
举例:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
echo 509 > /sys/class/gpio/export
|
||||
echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio509/direction
|
||||
echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio509/value
|
||||
echo 509 > /sys/class/gpio/unexport
|
||||
|
||||
echo 509 > /sys/class/gpio/export
|
||||
echo in > /sys/class/gpio/gpio509/direction
|
||||
cat /sys/class/gpio/gpio509/value
|
||||
echo 509 > /sys/class/gpio/unexport
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 57 KiB |
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 215 KiB |
BIN
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/pic/07_GPIO/13_gpio_pin_range.png
Normal file
BIN
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/pic/07_GPIO/13_gpio_pin_range.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 99 KiB |
BIN
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/pic/07_GPIO/14_gpio_request.png
Normal file
BIN
STM32MP157/doc_pic/07_GPIO/pic/07_GPIO/14_gpio_request.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 270 KiB |
Reference in New Issue
Block a user