add: lcd's 10_分析内核自带的LCD驱动程序_基于IMX6ULL

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weidongshan
2021-01-15 20:27:36 +08:00
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## 分析内核自带的LCD驱动程序\_基于IMX6ULL
参考资料GIT仓库里
* `IMX6ULL\开发板配套资料\datasheet\Core_board\CPU\IMX6ULLRM.pdf`
* `《Chapter 34 Enhanced LCD Interface (eLCDIF)》`
* IMX6ULL的LCD裸机程序
* `IMX6ULL\source\03_LCD\05_参考的裸机源码\03_font_test`
* 内核自带的IMX6ULL LCD驱动程序
* 驱动源码:`Linux-4.9.88\drivers\video\fbdev\mxsfb.c`
* 设备树:
* `arch/arm/boot/dts/imx6ull.dtsi`
* `arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dts`
### 1. 驱动程序框架
Linux驱动程序 = 驱动程序框架 + 硬件编程。
在前面已经基于QEMU编写了LCD驱动程序对LCD驱动程序的框架已经分析清楚。
核心就是:
* 分配fb_info
* 设置fb_info
* 注册fb_info
* 硬件相关的设置
#### 1.1 入口函数注册platform_driver
![image-20210115143432185](pic/02_LCD驱动/027_lcd_platform_driver.png)
#### 1.2 设备树有对应节点
![image-20210115143739850](pic/02_LCD驱动/028_lcd_device_tree_node.png)
#### 1.3 probe函数分析
### 2. 编写硬件相关的代码
我们只需要针对IMX6ULL的编写硬件相关的代码涉及3部分
* GPIO设置
* LCD引脚
* 背光引脚
* 时钟设置
* 确定LCD控制器的时钟
* 根据LCD的DCLK计算相关时钟
* LCD控制器本身的设置
* 比如设置Framebuffer的地址
* 设置Framebuffer中数据格式、LCD数据格式
* 设置时序
#### 2.1 GPIO设置
有两种方法:
* 直接读写相关寄存器
* 使用设备树在设备树中设置pinctrl
* 本课程专注于LCD所以使用pinctrl简化程序
设备树`arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dts`中:
![image-20210115201314109](pic/02_LCD驱动/029_lcd_device_tree_pinctrl.png)
#### 2.2 时钟设置
IMX6ULL的LCD控制器涉及2个时钟
![image-20210115094603032](pic/02_LCD驱动/026_imx6ull_lcd_controller_clock.png)
代码里直接使用时钟子系统的代码。
* 在设备树里指定频率:
* 文件arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dts
* 代码clock-frequency
```shell
display-timings {
native-mode = <&timing0>;
timing0: timing0_1024x768 {
clock-frequency = <50000000>;
```
* 从设备树获得dot clock存入display_timing
* 文件drivers\video\of_display_timing.c
* 代码:
```c
ret |= parse_timing_property(np, "clock-frequency", &dt->pixelclock);
```
* 使用display_timing来设置videomode
* 文件drivers\video\videomode.c
* 代码:
```c
void videomode_from_timing(const struct display_timing *dt,
struct videomode *vm)
{
vm->pixelclock = dt->pixelclock.typ;
vm->hactive = dt->hactive.typ;
vm->hfront_porch = dt->hfront_porch.typ;
vm->hback_porch = dt->hback_porch.typ;
vm->hsync_len = dt->hsync_len.typ;
vm->vactive = dt->vactive.typ;
vm->vfront_porch = dt->vfront_porch.typ;
vm->vback_porch = dt->vback_porch.typ;
vm->vsync_len = dt->vsync_len.typ;
vm->flags = dt->flags;
}
```
* 根据videomode的值使用时钟子系统的函数设置时钟
* 文件drivers\video\fbdev\mxc\ldb.c
* 代码:
![image-20210115201815912](pic/02_LCD驱动/030_set_clk.png)
#### 2.3 LCD控制器的配置
以设置分辨率为例。
* 在设备树里指定频率:
* 文件arch/arm/boot/dts/100ask_imx6ull-14x14.dts
* 代码clock-frequency
```shell
display-timings {
native-mode = <&timing0>;
timing0: timing0_1024x768 {
hactive = <1024>;
vactive = <600>;
```
* 从设备树获得分辨率存入display_timing
* 文件drivers\video\of_display_timing.c
* 代码:
```c
ret |= parse_timing_property(np, "hactive", &dt->hactive);
ret |= parse_timing_property(np, "vactive", &dt->vactive);
```
* 使用display_timing来设置videomode
* 文件drivers\video\videomode.c
* 代码:
```c
void videomode_from_timing(const struct display_timing *dt,
struct videomode *vm)
{
vm->hactive = dt->hactive.typ;
vm->vactive = dt->vactive.typ;
```
* 根据videomode的值设置fb_videomode
* 文件drivers\video\fbdev\core\fbmon.c
* 代码:
```c
int fb_videomode_from_videomode(const struct videomode *vm,
struct fb_videomode *fbmode)
{
unsigned int htotal, vtotal;
fbmode->xres = vm->hactive;
fbmode->yres = vm->vactive;
```
* 根据fb_videomode的值设置fb_info中的var
* 文件drivers\video\fbdev\core\modedb.c
* 代码:
```c
void fb_videomode_to_var(struct fb_var_screeninfo *var,
const struct fb_videomode *mode)
{
var->xres = mode->xres;
var->yres = mode->yres;
```
* 根据var的分辨率设置寄存器
* 文件drivers\video\fbdev\mxsfb.c
* 代码:
```c
writel(TRANSFER_COUNT_SET_VCOUNT(fb_info->var.yres) |
TRANSFER_COUNT_SET_HCOUNT(fb_info->var.xres),
host->base + host->devdata->transfer_count);
```

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@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ git clone https://e.coding.net/weidongshan/doc_and_source_for_drivers.git
* 2021.01.05 正式启动"驱动大全"的录制,发布"LCD驱动"
* 2021.01.11 发布"LCD驱动"07\_硬件\_8080接口LCD时序分析、08\_硬件\_TFT-RGB接口LCD时序分析
* 2021.01.14 发布"LCD驱动"09\_硬件\_IMX6ULL的LCD控制器、09\_硬件\_STM32MP157的LCD控制器
* 2021.01.15 发布"LCD驱动"10\_分析内核自带的LCD驱动程序\_基于IMX6ULL

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